harshness

英

美

n.  严肃；刺耳；粗糙的事物；酸涩性

复数：harshnesses　

TOEFL

BNC.18654 / COCA.20513

柯林斯词典

• ADJ-GRADED （气候或条件）艰苦的，恶劣的，严峻的
  Harshclimates or conditions are very difficult for people, animals, and plants to live in.
  1. The weather grew harsh, chilly and unpredictable.
     天气变得恶劣、寒冷且变化莫测。
  2. ...the harsh desert environment.
     恶劣的沙漠环境
  3. ...after the harsh experience of the war.
     经历了严酷的战争之后
• ADJ-GRADED （言行）严厉的，无情的
  Harshactions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy.
  1. ...the cold, harsh cruelty of her husband...
     她丈夫冷酷无情的残忍
  2. He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents.
     他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。
• ADJ-GRADED 粗陋的;刺目的;粗糙的
  Something that isharshis so hard, bright, or rough that it seems unpleasant or harmful.
  1. Tropical colours may look rather harsh in our dull northern light.
     热带色彩在我们北方暗淡的光线下可能显得有点刺目。
  2. ...harsher detergents that can leave hair brittle.
     会让发质变脆弱的刺激性较强的洗发水
• ADJ-GRADED （声音）刺耳的，难听的
  Harshvoices and sounds are ones that are rough and unpleasant to listen to.
  1. It's a pity she has such a loud harsh voice.
     可惜她的嗓门太大太难听了。
• ADJ-GRADED （现实、真相）残酷的，无情的
  If you talk aboutharshrealities or facts, or theharshtruth, you are emphasizing that they are true or real, although they are unpleasant and people try to avoid thinking about them.
  1. The harsh truth is that luck plays a big part in who will live or die.
     残酷的事实是，谁死谁活在很大程度上要靠运气。

英英释义

noun

• excessive sternness
  1. severity of character
  2. the harshness of his punishment was inhuman
  3. the rigors of boot camp
  Synonym:severityseverenessrigorrigourrigorousnessrigourousnessinclemencyhardnessstiffness
• the quality of being cruel and causing tension or annoyance
  Synonym:crueltycruelness
• the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions
  Synonym:abrasivenessscratchiness
• the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses
  Synonym:roughness

双语例句

• Harshness: The human perception of noise, or vibration, or a combination of the two, that cannot be measured directly in engineering units.
  严厉：人耳对噪音的感觉，或振动，或两者的组合，这是不能直接测量的工程单位。
• And that's your notion of harshness?'said Catherine, laughing.
  “这就是你所谓的苛刻吗？”凯瑟琳说，笑起来，“这并不是暗示你的陪伴是多余的，我们才不在乎你跟不跟我们在一起。
• When deciding how to conquer the NVH forces, it may be best to know what the sources of noise, vibration and harshness are.
  当决定如何征服NVH部队，最好知道来源的噪音，振动和残酷的。
• The rich upstart may treat servants and supposed inferiors with harshness or contempt; not so the gentleman.
  富有的暴发户也许会严厉对待仆人，鄙视地位卑微者。
• This can cause significant ride harshness and noise that reduces passenger comfort and enjoyment.
  这会导致明显的颠簸及噪音从而降低乘员的舒适性。
• The harshness of the climate makes vegetative growth extremely slow.
  恶劣的气候使植物生长特别缓慢。
• A second topic of his scientific work is focussing on the Noise, Vibration and Harshness ( NVH) behaviour of vehicles.
  其在科研工作中关注的第二个主题是汽车的噪声、振动和舒适性（NVH）状况。
• Think you already realize that punishment does not always produce good children, many times harshness produces maladjusted children.
  我想你已经意识到惩罚并总培养出好孩子，很多时候严厉导致小孩失调。
• The harshness of everyday reality disenchanted him of his idealistic hopes.
  冷酷的日常现实使他从理想主义的幻梦中清醒过来。
• This harshness and detachment is something I've always desired in my work, and my shows are getting cooler and cooler.
  这种严肃感和超然是我一直想要我的作品达到的境界，我的画展也是一次比一次酷了。