rub

英 [rʌb]

美 [rʌb]

v.  擦; 磨; 搓; (使)相互摩擦; 摩擦(尤指引起疼痛或损害)
n.  擦; 抹; 搓; 揉; 问题; 困难

过去式：rubbed　现在分词：rubbing　过去分词：rubbed　第三人称单数：rubs　复数：rubs　

CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTS高考TEM4

Oxford 3000 / Collins.2 / BNC.3231 / COCA.2875

短语动词

短语用例

rub along (with sb/together)

• 相处融洽；和谐共事
  to live or work together in a friendly enough way
  1. She rubbed her chin thoughtfully.
     她若有所思地抚摩着下巴。
  2. Rub the surface with sandpaper before painting.
     用砂纸打磨表面，然后再上油漆。
  3. The cat rubbed itself against my legs.
     猫在我腿上蹭来蹭去。
  4. I rubbed at the stain on the cloth.
     我擦了擦布上的污渍。
  5. Animals had been rubbing against the trees.
     动物一直在这些树上蹭来蹭去。
  6. Rub the surface smooth.
     将表面擦光。

rub sb/oneself/sth↔down

• 将（人、马等）彻底擦干
  to rub the skin of a person, horse, etc. hard with sth to make it clean and dry
  1. The back of my shoe is rubbing.
     我的鞋后跟磨脚。
  2. The wheel is rubbing on the mudguard.
     车轮蹭着挡泥板了。
  3. The horse's neck was rubbed raw (= until the skin came off) where the rope had been.
     马脖子上套过缰绳的地方皮都给磨掉了。

rub sth↔down

• （用特别材料）将某物打磨光滑
  to make sth smooth by rubbing it with a special material

rub it in

rub sth in

• 反复提及令人尴尬的事；触及痛处
  to keep reminding sb of sth they feel embarrassed about and want to forget

rub off (on/onto sb)

• 感染；传给
  to become part of a person's character as a result of that person spending time with sb who has those qualities, etc.

rub sth↔off (sth)

rub off

• （被）擦掉，抹掉
  to remove sth or to be removed by rubbing

rub sb↔out

• 干掉；做掉
  to murder sb

rub sth↔out

• 用橡皮擦掉（字迹等）
  to remove the marks made by a pencil, etc., using a rubber/eraser

习惯用语

v.

rub sb's nose in it
• 揭疮疤；不断恶意提起某人以往的过失
  to keep reminding sb in an unkind way of their past mistakes
rub salt into the woundrub salt into sb's wounds
• 在伤口上抹盐；使雪上加霜
  to make a difficult experience even more difficult for sb
rub shoulders with sb
• 与某人接触（或交往）
  to meet and spend time with a famous person, socially or as part of your job
rub sb up the wrong way
• （无意中）惹人生气，触怒别人
  to make sb annoyed or angry, often without intending to, by doing or saying sth that offends them
not have two beans, brain cells, etc. to rub together
• 不名一文（或没有脑子等）
  to have no money; to be very stupid, etc.

牛津词典

verb

• 擦；磨；搓
  to move your hand, or sth such as a cloth, backwards and forwards over a surface while pressing firmly
  1. She rubbed her chin thoughtfully.
     她若有所思地抚摩着下巴。
  2. Rub the surface with sandpaper before painting.
     用砂纸打磨表面，然后再上油漆。
  3. The cat rubbed itself against my legs.
     猫在我腿上蹭来蹭去。
  4. I rubbed at the stain on the cloth.
     我擦了擦布上的污渍。
  5. Animals had been rubbing against the trees.
     动物一直在这些树上蹭来蹭去。
  6. Rub the surface smooth.
     将表面擦光。
• （使）相互摩擦；搓
  to press two surfaces against each other and move them backwards and forwards; to be pressed together and move in this way
  1. She rubbed her hands in delight.
     她高兴得直搓手。
  2. It sounded like two pieces of wood rubbing together.
     听起来就像是两块木头在一起摩擦。
• 磨，摩擦（尤指引起疼痛或损害）
  to move backwards and forwards many times against sth while pressing it, especially causing pain or damage
  1. The back of my shoe is rubbing.
     我的鞋后跟磨脚。
  2. The wheel is rubbing on the mudguard.
     车轮蹭着挡泥板了。
  3. The horse's neck was rubbed raw (= until the skin came off) where the rope had been.
     马脖子上套过缰绳的地方皮都给磨掉了。
• 涂；抹；搽
  to spread a liquid or other substance over a surface while pressing firmly
  1. She rubbed the lotion into her skin.
     她把润肤液揉搓进皮肤里。

noun

• 擦；抹；搓；揉
  an act of rubbing a surface
  1. She gave her knee a quick rub.
     她很快地揉了揉膝盖。
• 问题；困难
  a problem or difficulty
  1. The hotel is in the middle of nowhere and there lies the rub . We don't have a car.
     难就难在旅馆很偏远，我们又没有汽车。

柯林斯词典

• VERB 揉;按摩;搓
  If youruba part of your body, you move your hand or fingers backwards and forwards over it while pressing firmly.
  1. He rubbed his arms and stiff legs...
     他按摩着自己的胳膊和僵硬的双腿。
  2. 'I fell in a ditch', he said, rubbing at a scrape on his hand.
     “我掉进沟里了”，他一边说着，一边揉着手上的擦伤。
• VERB 摩擦;蹭
  If yourub againsta surface orruba part of your bodyagainsta surface, you move it backwards and forwards while pressing it against the surface.
  1. A cat was rubbing against my leg...
     一只猫在我腿上蹭来蹭去。
  2. He kept rubbing his leg against mine.
     他不停地用腿蹭我的腿。
• VERB （用布）擦干，擦净，擦拭
  If youruban object or a surface, you move a cloth backward and forward over it in order to clean or dry it.
  1. She took off her glasses and rubbed them hard...
     她摘下眼镜使劲擦着。
  2. He rubbed and rubbed but couldn't seem to get clean.
     他擦了又擦，可就是擦不干净。
• VERB 涂抹;搽;擦去
  If youruba substanceintoa surface orrubsomething such as dirtfroma surface, you spread it over the surface or remove it from the surface using your hand or something such as a cloth.
  1. He rubbed oil into my back...
     他往我的背上抹油
  2. I pretended to rub a fleck of grit from one eye.
     我假装拭去一只眼睛里的沙粒。
• V-ERG 相互摩擦;揉搓
  If yourubtwo thingstogetheror if theyrub together, they move backwards and forwards, pressing against each other.
  1. He rubbed his hands together a few times.
     他搓了几下手。
  2. ...the 650-mile rift that separates the Pacific and North American geological plates as they rub together.
     太平洋和北美洲地质板块相互摩擦时产生的一条长达650英里的裂缝
• VERB 擦伤;磨痛
  If something you are wearing or holdingrubs, it makes you sore because it keeps moving backwards and forwards against your skin.
  1. Smear cream on to your baby's skin at the edges of the plaster to prevent it from rubbing.
     在宝宝贴膏药的皮肤边缘涂上护肤霜，以防止膏药擦伤皮肤。
• N-SING 困难;难处;障碍
  Rubis used in expressions such asthere's the rubandthe rub iswhen you are mentioning a difficulty that makes something hard or impossible to achieve.
  1. 'What do you want to write about?'. And there was the rub, because I didn't yet know.
     “你想写什么？”难就难在这儿，因为我还不知道写什么。
• N-COUNT 按摩
  A massage can be referred to as arub.
  1. She sometimes asks if I want a back rub.
     她有时会问我想不想做个背部按摩。
• N-COUNT 按摩膏;面膜
  Arubis a substance that you massage into your skin.
  1. ...a fresh cucumber rub for your whole face.
     用新鲜黄瓜给整张脸做的面膜
• See also:rubbing
• PHRASE （尤用于美国英语）和（名人）接触，和（名人）交往
  If yourub shoulders withfamous people, you meet them and talk to them. You can also say that yourub elbows withsomeone, especially in American English.
  1. He regularly rubbed shoulders with the likes of Elizabeth Taylor and Kylie Minogue.
     他经常与伊丽莎白·泰勒和凯莉·米洛这样的人接触。
• PHRASE 无意中冒犯;无意中惹恼
  If yourubsomeoneup the wrong wayin British English, orrubsomeonethe wrong wayin American English, you offend or annoy them without intending to.
  1. What are you going to get out of him if you rub him up the wrong way?
     你要是不小心把他惹毛了，你有什么好处？
• torubsomeone'snose in it→ see:nose

英英释义

noun

• the act of rubbing or wiping
  1. he gave the hood a quick rub
  Synonym:wipe
• an unforeseen obstacle
  Synonym:hang-uphitchsnag

verb

• move over something with pressure
  1. rub my hands
  2. rub oil into her skin
• cause friction
  1. my sweater scratches
  Synonym:frayfretchafescratch
• scrape or rub as if to relieve itching
  1. Don't scratch your insect bites!
  Synonym:scratchitch

双语例句

• 'I fell in a ditch', he said, rubbing at a scrape on his hand.
  “我掉进沟里了”，他一边说着，一边揉着手上的擦伤。
• The best way to lay the dust is to damp the floor down, and then rub it all over with a piece of cloth.
  不使尘土飞扬的最好方法就是把地板润湿一下，随后用布擦一遍。
• Rub down the door and wash off the dust before applying the varnish.
  在上清漆前，要彻底打磨这扇门并把尘土清洗掉。
• He rubbed his arms and stiff legs
  他按摩着自己的胳膊和僵硬的双腿。
• Rub the surface of the wood in preparation for the varnish
  打磨木头的表面，为刷清漆做准备。
• He rubbed and rubbed but couldn't seem to get clean.
  他擦了又擦，可就是擦不干净。
• I was hoping some of his genius might rub off.
  我希望他的才华也可以影响他人。
• His enemies will attempt to rub his nose in past policy statements.
  他的对手会试图揪住他过去政策陈述的漏洞不放。
• When hair is dry, rub in a little oil to make it smooth and glossy.
  等头发干了以后，搽上一点油，使其顺滑而有光泽。
• Smear cream on to your baby's skin at the edges of the plaster to prevent it from rubbing.
  在宝宝贴膏药的皮肤边缘涂上护肤霜，以防止膏药擦伤皮肤。