specific

英 [spəˈsɪfɪk]

美 [spəˈsɪfɪk]

adj. 明确的; 具体的; 特定的; 特有的; 独特的
n. 特效药; 特性; 细节; 显著的性质; 特性

复数：specifics　

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Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.882 / COCA.979

同义词辨析

concrete definite factual specific【导航词义：具体的，明确的】

concreteadj. 具体的，确实的

〔辨析〕

指基于事实而非想象或猜测的，也指物体具体有形的。

〔例证〕

Do you have any concrete examples to give?
你能举出具体例子吗？
We have no concrete evidence.
我们没有具体的证据。
He used concrete objects to teach addition and subtraction.
他用实物来教加减法。

definiteadj. 确切的，明确的

〔辨析〕

指清楚无误或不会改变的。

〔例证〕

The staff members demand a definite answer.
员工们要求给出明确的答复。
These experts have very definite ideas on how to bring up children.
关于如何培养孩子，这些专家有非常明确的想法。
Fix a definite date for the meeting.
定个确切的开会日期。

factualadj. 事实的

〔辨析〕

指基于具体事实或与事实有关的。

〔例证〕

This report contains some factual errors.
这份报告中有一些与事实不符的错误。
I've got a great deal of factual information to support my argument.
我有大量的事实材料来支撑自己的论点。

specificadj. 明确的，具体的

〔辨析〕

指具体而详细的。

〔例证〕

Here is a specific example of alcohol's effect on the body.
这里有一个酒精对身体影响的具体例子。
To be specific, I do system analysis and provide software support.
具体地说，我作系统分析以及提供软件方面的支持。

special especial particular specific【导航词义：特别的】

specialadj. 特别的，特殊的

〔辨析〕

普通用词，指事物在质量、特性、用途等方面不同于一般的，常含更重要或更好之意。

〔例证〕

There is a special place in the bar for chatting.
酒吧里有一块专门用于聊天的地方。
She has a special recipe for egg tart.
她用特殊的方法做蛋挞。
Are you doing anything special for your 15th wedding anniversary?
你们结婚15周年纪念有什么特别活动吗？
The special plane took off.
专机起飞了。
We need your special talents for handling this matter.
处理此事我们需要你的特殊才能。

especialadj. 〈英，正式〉特别的，特殊的

〔辨析〕

和 special 基本同义，但更强调在程度上超出一般的，只作定语。

〔例证〕

My sister has an especial fondness for mushrooms.
我妹妹对蘑菇有着特殊的偏好。
This is a matter of especial importance.
这是一件特别重要的事情。
He has an especial dislike for jazz music.
他特别讨厌爵士乐。

particularadj. 特别的，特殊的，特有的

〔辨析〕

强调个性或特殊性，即侧重于个别的、特别的、不同于一般的情况、特点等。

〔例证〕

Do you have anything particular planned?
你有什么特别的计划吗？
You should pay particular attention to grammar.
你应该特别注意语法。
She showed particular concern for the disabled child.
她特别关心那名残疾儿童。

specificadj. 特有的，特定的

〔辨析〕

指某一事物具有特定属性、风格等的，只作定语。

〔例证〕

The picture has a specific style.
这幅画有一种独特的风格。
The money is to be used for a specific purpose.
这钱将用于某种特定用途。
He wants a specific kind of analysis of the problem.
他要一份对该问题的专门分析。

牛津词典

adj.

明确的；具体的
detailed and exact
1. I gave you specific instructions.
  我给过你明确的指示。
2. ‘I'd like your help tomorrow.’ ‘Can you be more specific (= tell me exactly what you want) ?’
  “我想让你明天来帮帮我。”“你能不能说得具体些？”
特定的
connected with one particular thing only
1. children's television programmes aimed at a specific age group
  针对特定年龄段的少儿电视节目
2. The money was collected for a specific purpose.
  这笔钱是为一个特定用途而收的。
3. children with specific learning difficulties (= in one area only)
  某一方面有学习困难的儿童
特有的；独特的
existing only in one place or limited to one thing
1. a belief that is specific to this part of Africa
  非洲这一地区特有的一种观念

柯林斯词典

ADJ-GRADED (部位、问题、题目等)特定的，特别的
You usespecificto refer to a particular fixed area, problem, or subject.
1. Massage may help to increase blood flow to specific areas of the body...
  按摩有助于增加身体特定部位的血液流量。
2. There are several specific problems to be dealt with...
  有几个特定问题需要解决。
3. Specific groups may be formed to address specific issues.
  可能会组成特别小组去解决特定问题。
4. ...the specific needs of the individual.
  个人的特别需求
ADJ-GRADED （表达）明确的，确切的，具体的
If someone isspecific, they give a description that is precise and exact. You can also usespecificto describe their description.
1. I asked him to be more specific...
  我要求他说得更具体些。
2. These nerve centres generate rhythmic movements; or to be more specific, rhythmic stomach movements...
  这些神经中心产生有节奏的运动，或者更确切地说，是有节奏的肠胃蠕动。
3. This report offered the most specific and accurate description of the problems.
  该报告对问题进行了最具体、最准确的描述。
ADJ 特有的;独特的;只与…有关的
Something that isspecific toa particular thing is connected with that thing only.
1. Send your resume with a cover letter that is specific to that particular job.
  寄出你的简历并附上一份针对那个特定工作岗位的附函。
2. Specificis also used after nouns.
  (亦用在名词后)
3. Most studies of trade have been country-specific.
  有关贸易的多数研究都是针对某个具体国家的。
4. ...a job-specific course.
  岗位课程

英英释义

noun

a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease
1. quinine is a specific for malaria
a fact about some part (as opposed to general)
1. he always reasons from the particular to the general
Synonym:particular

adj

stated explicitly or in detail
1. needed a specific amount
(sometimes followed by `to') applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique
1. rules with specific application
2. demands specific to the job
3. a specific and detailed account of the accident
being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition
1. quinine is highly specific for malaria
2. a specific remedy
3. a specific stain is one having a specific affinity for particular structural elements
relating to or distinguishing or constituting a taxonomic species
1. specific characters

双语例句

Small companies can do extremely well if they can fill a specific market niche.
如果能填充特定的市场空白，小公司可以发展得相当出色。
I'll start with some generalities and then examine a few specific examples
我首先进行概述，然后会分析几个实例。
There are several specific problems to be dealt with
有几个特定问题需要解决。
One is also able to see how specific acts are related to a temporal and spatial context
人们也能看出具体行为是如何与时空相关联的。
Each of these cells have their specific jobs to do, but they also interrelate with each other.
这些细胞都有各自的具体分工，但它们也相互联系。
What I'm going to do in this lecture is focus on something very specific
我在今天的讲座中将主要探讨一些非常具体的问题。
Each teacher will run a different workshop that covers a specific area of the language.
每位老师都会单独主持一个研讨会，讨论语言的一个特定领域。
I asked him to be more specific
我要求他说得更具体些。
Here I think it is appropriate to draw your attention to one very specific feature of socialism.
谈到这里，我认为应该适时地提醒大家注意社会主义的一个非常明确的特征。
Attempts to correlate specific language functions with particular parts of the brain have not advanced very far
人们试图把特定的语言功能与大脑的某些特定部位联系起来，这一努力目前还没有取得很大进展。