stiffen

英 [ˈstɪfn]

美 [ˈstɪfn]

v.  (尤指因气愤或害怕，使浑身或身体的一部分)变僵硬，变僵直，绷紧; (使)难以弯曲，难以活动，发僵; (使)变强硬，变坚定

过去式：stiffened　过去分词：stiffened　现在分词：stiffening　第三人称单数：stiffens　

CET4CET6TOEFLTEM8

Collins.1 / BNC.9112 / COCA.9758

短语动词

牛津词典

verb

• （尤指因气愤或害怕，使浑身或身体的一部分）变僵硬，变僵直，绷紧
  to make yourself or part of your body firm, straight and still, especially because you are angry or frightened
  1. She stiffened with fear.
     她吓呆了。
  2. I stiffened my back and faced him.
     我挺直了腰杆面对着他。
• （使）难以弯曲，难以活动，发僵
  to become, or to make sth become, difficult to bend or move
  1. My muscles had stiffened up after the climb.
     爬上去以后我两腿都发僵了。
  2. stiffened muscles
     发僵的肌肉
• （使）变强硬，变坚定
  to make an attitude or idea stronger or more powerful; to become stronger
  1. The threat of punishment has only stiffened their resolve (= made them even more determined to do sth) .
     惩罚的威胁益发坚定了他们的决心。
• 使硬挺
  to make sth, such as cloth, firm and unable to bend

柯林斯词典

• VERB 变得僵硬;变得紧张;绷紧
  If youstiffen, you stop moving and stand or sit with muscles that are suddenly tense, for example because you feel afraid or angry.
  1. Ada stiffened at the sound of his voice...
     埃达听到他的声音吓得人都僵住了。
  2. The father's face stiffened with dismay.
     父亲因为悲痛而面部表情凝重。
• V-ERG (肌肉或关节)变得僵硬;(使)变得不易弯曲;(使)变得不灵活
  If your muscles or jointsstiffen, or if somethingstiffensthem, they become difficult to bend or move.
  1. The blood supply to the skin is reduced when muscles stiffen.
     当肌肉变得僵硬时，皮肤的供血量就减少了。
  2. Stiffen upmeans the same asstiffen.
     stiffen up 同 stiffen
  3. These clothes restrict your freedom of movement and stiffen up the whole body...
     这些衣服使你行动不便，让全身都变得不灵活。
  4. 'I just stiffened up, and the more they told me to 'be natural', the more I felt not at all relaxed.'
     “我整个人都僵硬了，他们越是让我‘自然些’，我就越紧张。”
• V-ERG (态度或行为)变得更强硬，变得更严厉;(使)变得更坚定
  If attitudes or behaviourstiffen, or if somethingstiffensthem, they become stronger or more severe, and less likely to be changed.
  1. Russian resistance suddenly stiffened because there was no room for retreat...
     俄罗斯的反抗突然变得强硬起来，因为已经没有退路了。
  2. Canada has recently stiffened its immigration rules.
     加拿大最近制定了更为严格的移民规定。
• VERB 使(布料等)变挺;使变硬
  If something such as clothis stiffened, it is made firm so that it does not bend easily.
  1. This special paper was actually thin, soft Sugiwara paper that had been stiffened with a kind of paste...
     这种特殊的纸实际是一种糨糊浆过的又薄又软的杉原纸。
  2. They peeled cold stiffened gloves from their hands.
     他们将冻得硬邦邦的手套从手上脱下来。

英英释义

verb

• make stiff or stiffer
  1. Stiffen the cream by adding gelatine
• become stiff or stiffer
  1. He stiffened when he saw his boss enter the room
• restrict
  1. Tighten the rules
  2. stiffen the regulations
  Synonym:tightentighten upconstrain

双语例句

• Russian resistance suddenly stiffened because there was no room for retreat
  俄罗斯的反抗突然变得强硬起来，因为已经没有退路了。
• A stiff coarse fabric used to stiffen hats or clothing.
  使衣服或帽子变硬的硬的粗糙的纤维。
• You will only stiffen his resolve.
  你只会坚定他的决心。
• But some fans were also clamouring for a defensive midfielder to stiffen the spine of the team.
  但是一些球迷也嚷嚷着要一名防守型中场来加固球队的中轴线。
• The youth will stiffen and remain until their bodies decay.
  青年会变得强壮，直到他们的躯体腐朽。
• Did you get your cap and robe for the graduation ceremony? a stiff coarse fabric used to stiffen hats or clothing.
  你领了参加毕业典礼的礼帽和礼服了吗？使衣服或帽子变硬的硬的粗糙的纤维。
• I felt my body involuntarily stiffen against her invasion of my personal space.
  随着她不断侵入我的个人空间，我感觉全身都不由自主地紧绷起来。
• This lignification serves to stiffen and strengthen the cells.
  木质化足以使细胞变硬和增强。
• A coarse cotton fabric stiffened with glue; used in bookbinding and to stiffen clothing.
  用胶剂使其变硬的粗糙的棉布纤维；用来装订书和加硬衣服。
• You can stiffen the collar with starch.
  你可以用淀粉浆使衣领变挺。